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Dr stephen hales

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Stephen Hales

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(1677 - 1761)

The Reverend Stephan Hales (1677�1746) was from a distinguished Kentish family. He entered Bene't College (which later became Corpus Christi College) in 1696. As an ordinand he studied theology primarily but was also tutored in classics, mathematics, science and philosophy. He became a fellow of the college in 1703 and, in the same year, befriended William Stuckley who had just arrived as an undergraduate to study medicine. Together they developed an interest in experimental biology and anatomy that remained with Hales throughout his life. In 1709 Hales was appointed Perpetual Curate of the parish of Teddington in Middlesex, a post that he retained until his death 52 years later.

Hales was assiduous in his pastorial duties, expending much of his energy on the relief of paupers in his village. Teddington at the time was a rural village and Hales developed an understanding with his parishoners that they should inform them whenever they were about to put down an animal so that he could use it in his studies. He was a

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Stephen Hales: neglected respiratory physiologist

Stephen Hales was an eminent early 18th century scientist and minister of the parish of Teddington near London. He is well known for his early work on blood pressure. However, he made many contributions to respiratory physiology. He clarified the nature of the respiratory gases, distinguishing between their free (gaseous) and fixed (chemically combined) forms, demonstrated that rebreathing from a closed circuit could be extended if suitable gas absorbers were included (to remove carbon dioxide), suggested a similar device as a respirator for noxious atmospheres, invented the pneumatic trough for collecting gases, measured the size of the alveoli, calculated the surface area of the interior of the lung, calculated the time spent by the blood in a pulmonary capillary, invented the U-tube manometer, and measured intrathoracic pressures during normal and forced breathing. Hale's work is remarkable for its emphasis on the "statical" method, i.e., meticulous attention to detail in measurement and careful calculations. In his later li

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Makers of British botany/Stephen Hales 1677—1761

  1. ↑In 1699 Newton was made master of the Mint and appointed Whiston his Deputy in the Lucasian Professorship, an office he finally resigned in 1703 (Brewster's Life of Newton, 1831, p. 249).
  2. ↑"There, if anywhere, his dear shade must linger," Trevelyan, Life and Letters of Lord Macaulay, 1 volume edit. 1881, p. 55.
  3. ↑Black's discovery of CO2, however, was published in 1754, seven years before Hales died, but Priestley's, Cavendish's and Lavoisier's work on O and H was later.
  4. ↑1837, III. p. 389.
  5. ↑Vegetable Staticks, p. 346.
  6. ↑Sachs, Geschichte, p. 502. Malpighi held similar views.
  7. ↑Ibid., p. 499.
  8. ↑Quoted by Caröe, in his paper read before the Cambridge Archaeological Society on King's Hostel etc., and "Printed for the Master and Fellows of Trinity Coll." in 1909.
  9. ↑He also held the living of Farringdon in Hampshire where he occasionally resided.
  10. ↑Dict. Nat. Biog.
  11. ↑With a certain idleness Pope reduces him to plain Parson Hale, for the sake of a rhyme in the Epistle of Martha Blount, I. 198.
  12. ↑The original r

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